Multiple wire drawing machine



June 20, 1933. w. NACKEN MULTIPLE WIRE DRAWIN G MACHINE 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed June 2, 1951 WALTH ER N -ken INVEN OE w Rm June 20, 1933. w. NACKEN 1,914,833

MULTIPLE WIRE DRAWING MACHINE Filed June 2, 1931 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 1/ U 76 W V U WVU WALTHERNMMN INVENTOK B WANJK June 20, 1933. w. NACKEN 1,914,833

MULTIPLE WIRE DRAWING MACHINE Filed June 2, 1931 5 Shee'ts-Shet 3 f WALTHERNACKEN INVENTOIZ at 1 59 1 h T 5 53 MAIL I RJLLA T' Patented June 20, 1933 UNITED, STATES PATENT OFFICE WALTHER NACKEN, OF GRUNA, GERMANY MULTIPLE WIRE DRAWING momma Application filed June 2,. 1931. Serial No. 541,587, and in Germany November 17, 1930.

The invention relates to multiple wiredrawing machines.

There are alreadylmowu multiple wire drawing machines in which every individual drum is driven from the main-shaft of the machine through a clutch and in which by disconnecting or connecting one drum all the preceding drums are likewise. disconnectwb wise stopped or started'while. the follo\V' ing driving motors and thus the drums driven by them remain unaffected.

A number of embodiments ot my lnvention are, by way of example, illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

In the drawings is:

Fig. 1, a side-elevation of an improved wire-drawing machine in which the individual. drive of the drawing drums is effected by electricmotors,

Fig. 2, a front-elevation of this machine,

Fig. 3, a diagram of connections for the control of the electricmotors of the machine shown in Figs. 1 and 2 by means of push buttons operated by band,

Fig. 4, a diagram of further connections for the control of the electric motors of the machine shown in Figs. -1 and 2,

Fig. 5, a diagram of connections for a modified construction of .the push button connection according to Fig. 3,

Fig. 6, a modification with a mechanical control of. the electric motors in sideelevation,

Fig. 7 the same in front-elevation,

Fig. 8, a sectional front-elevation of a machine in which therotation of each driving motor is transmitted to the respective drum by a transmission gear, and

Fig. 9, a similar front-elevation of the machine with a modified transmission gear between the driving machine and the respective. drum.

Like parts are indicated by like letters and numerals of reference throughout all the figures of the drawings.

In the examples illustrated, a wire-drawing machine with four drawing drums is shown, but it will be readily understoodthat any other suitable number of drums may be employed.

In each of the machines, a, b, c, and d designate the f our drawing drums, of which the last drum (l also serves as winding-up reel for the finished wire. 6 designates the wire which by means of the said drums is drawn through aseries of dies or draw plates 1, 2, and 4 with drawing holes of successively smaller diameters, and by means of gulde rollers 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 led from drmn to drum and drawn out to the desired di amcter.

Each drawing drum is driven by a separate driving motor, in the case illustrated by an electric motor 'f, through the bevel wheels 9 and h.

In the embodiment of the invention illustrated in Figsrl and'2, the electric motors f f f, f are adapted to be switched on and oil by an electrical connection controlled by push buttons and which is diagrammatically shown in Figs. 3 and 4 of the drawings. In this embodiment, two push buttons adapted to be operated manually a", at, 5 I), 0 0 (Z 03 are'mounted on the frame in front of each drum, as well as one button each (a, b", c and (Z mounted on the baseplate and adapted to be operated by the foot, which operate in accordance with the diagrams shown in Figs. 3 and 4.

Referring to these figures, R, S, T are the main lines of a three-phase system to which are connected the motors 7", F, f and J at W, V, U. To each motor are assigne the push buttons (1 b 0 d for the connection as Well as the push buttons 01 N, 0 (i for the disconnection. To each motor are furthermore assigned a contactor i 2' 6 i Each of the motors 7, f and f is also connected to a relay In, is, k. The said push buttons are constructed in any well known manner so that their movable contacts are kept in a certain position, for instance by means of suitable springs and after the performance of their action they are brought back to this position.' The switch-in push buttons (1 If are so constructed that they usually take the open position, as shown in Figure 3 and which, after each closing action, open again automatically while the switch-off buttons a, b are so constructed that, as also shown in Figure 3, they usually stand in closed position and return automatically to the closed position after each opening. The mode of operation of this system of connection is as follows Assuming that all the motors are at rest and the push button a for starting the motor f is now depressed, the current will fiow from the terminal 17 of the main line B. across the push button at to the terminal 9 of the contactor 6, through the coil of the magnet m hence across terminal 10 to the push button a, and across the push buttons b 0 and d to the terminal 19 of the line T. The core inside the energized coil of the magnet m is then attracted and the contacts 1, 3, 5 of the contactor 7? closed and the motor f started. Simultaneously, the auxiliary current contacts 13 and 14 of the contactor '1? are closed by the attraction of the core by the energized coil of the magnet 122 so that now on releasing the push button a the electric current from the terminal 18 of the line R flows back to the terminal 19 of the line '1, across the contacts 14 and 13 of the contactor i, and also across the terminals 9 and 10 around the coil of the magnet m and across the push buttons a, b, c, d. The contactor i is thus held closed also when the push button a is released and the motor f is kept in operation.

It now the push button a for switching off the motor f is depressed, the auxiliary circuit is broken, the core of the magnet 11), drops off and breaks the contacts 1, 3, 5 of the contactor i and thus disconnects and stops the motor 7. The contacts 13 and 14 are simultaneously opened.

If the start button I) is depressed in order to start the motor f-, the current passes from the terminal 20 of the line- R across the terminals 9 and 10 of the contactor i and energizes the coil and attracts the core of the magnet m". In this way, the contacts 1, 3 and 5 of the contactor and simultaneously the contacts 13 am] 14 of this contactor are closed. By the closing of the contacts 1, 3 and 5, the motor f is started while simultaneously through the closing of the contacts 13 and 14 the auxiliary current returns from the terminal 21 of the line B across the,terminals 14, 13, 9, 10, the push buttons b c and d to terminal 19 of the line T. In this way, the contactor i remains closed also, when the button b is released. The main current line from the terminal 2 of the contactor i to the terminal U of the motor F is passed through the coil surrounding the core of the magnet 11. of the relay k. The said core is thus attracted and the two contacts 15 and 16 of this relay are closed. Even when the hutton b is now released, the auxiliary current from the terminal 21 of the line R, thus flows across the contacts 14, 13 and terminal 9 of the contactor '1" across the contacts 16, 15 of the relay if, then across the terminals 9, 10 of the contactor i and across the stop buttons (1 b 0 (Z back to terminal 19 of the line T, so that, exactly as before, on operating the button a the contactor v is closed and the motor f is also started. By depressing the push button b the motor f is thus first started and then automatically the motor 7". From the foregoing it will be seen that the relay 7:: works as a delay switch, that means the motor 7 is put in operation through the motor f" through the said action of the relay 1: only after the motor 7 has transgressed the peak of the rush of current.

If now the push button b for stopping the motor f is depressed, the motor f is stopped by the dropping out of the contacts 1, 3 and 5 of the contactor i exactly as the motor f was stopped before by depressing the push button a The relay Zr is thus instantaneously de-energized and the contacts 15 and '16 opened as well as the contact i, and the motor 7' also stops. By depressing the push button a? of the first motor only, the motor f is, however. stopped in this case also, While motor f continues to run, since contactor 77 remains closed.

The corresponding contacts for the m0- tors f and f operate in exactly the same manner, as will readily be understood from Fig. 3 of the drawings. \Vhen starting or stopping the motor f the motors f and f will thus be automatically started or stopped, 'while the motor 7 remains unaffected.

When the motors f and 7" start running the with the relay 1 and the automatic starting action of the motor f through the motor F: that means the motor f is put into operation by means of the relay 1: from the motor i and thereafter from the motor f by means of the relay 1' only after the motors f and f have already transgresscd the peak of the rush of current.

Assuming that all the motors are running and, for instance, the stop button I) is depressed, the motor f as well as the. motor f is stopped, as explained before. The running motors f and f are, however, not aff'e'cted, because the auxiliary current flows as before from the terminal 22 of the line R across the contacts 14, 13 and the terminals 9, 10 around the coil of the magnet m of the contactor i and across the stop buttons 0 and d to terminal 19 of the line T, and

also from terminal 23 of the line B. acrosscontactor i and push button (i to the samethe wiregripped by the well known pliers is drawn into the machine.

or pincers Is not broken when a fresh wire The push buttons a b are constructed in the same way as the above mentioned push buttons a b, namely, they take usually, as shown in Figure 4, the-o'pen position and return after each action to the open position. By depressing one of these push buttons, each drum is thus slowly rotated independent of the others, so that the drawing in takes place extremely smoothly and without a jerk. These push buttons are preferably adapted to be operated by the foot in order that the operator may have his hands .free during the threading in, but it will be understood that it might also be adapted to be operated manually.

These push buttons operate in the manner illustrated in Fig. 4 of the drawin s.

In this figure, R, S, T are again t e main current supply lines of the machine, while f, F, f and f are again the motors pertaining to the various drums, and 12 30 12 p the contractors of this system of connection. Rheostats 7 1' 1, r are connected to the motors. When depressing one of the push buttons a, b, a, or d, for instance the push button a, the current flows from terminal 24 of the line R through the coil of the magnet s of the contactor 11 across the push button a to the terminal 25 of the line T. The contactor p then closes and the pertaining motor fis switched in. OW- ing tothe rheostat 1', the motor does not start at full speed and its starting speed may be reduced to 20 to 30 percent of its rated speed. .It isthus possible to start each drawingdrum slowly by itself by depressing the respective foot operated push button a to d for inserting or drawing in the wire from a fresh coil. On releasing the foot operated push button a", the magnet 8 of the contactor p is de-energized,

'the contactor opens and the motor stops.

After the operator has inserted the wire in the well known manner, he is able to take the machine into regular service by depressing one of the start buttons a, a a a. Figs. 1, 2 and 3 in the manner describe The push buttons 6*, c and (l and the respective motors f", f", and f are equipped in a similar manner as described with reference to the push button a.

The two switching systems according to Figs. 3 and 4 may be combined with each other in any suitable manner; Further contacts may be also provided in the contactors of the system according to Fig. 3 which are adapted to short-circuit or to cut out stepwise the rotor resistances of the motors used for drawing in a fresh wire-accord ing to the wiring system of Fig. 4, because the normal operation of the motors must of course be effected with the said resistances short-circuited.

It will be readily understood that the apparatus described and shown is only an example, and that it may be modified in various ways as long as the desired object is attained, viz that when one motor is switched in or out, all the motors ahead of it are simultaneously switched in or out. The wiring must of course be adapted to the various types of electric motors. It will be different for direct current or single-phase alternating current motors than for three-phase motors, and for squirrelcage motors different from slip-ring motors. The mode of operation of the relays or the contactors will in such cases naturally also be different, as is well known for In Fig. 5 of the drawings is shown anothersystem of connection for attaining the same result, in which the starting from motor to motor is not eflected by the motor or the circuit of the motor, but in which the motors are switched in by special switches in such a way that the push buttons pertaining to the individual drums are so designed that by the push button a only the drum a is started, by the push button I) the drums a and b, and so on. In this case, the lines of the individual motors are so connected that for every drawing drum there is provided a push button designed to start the motor of this drum as well as the motors of the preceding drums. A

depressed simultaneously so as to start the pertaining motor as well as the preceding motors whereas the subsequent.- motors l'emain unaffected. lt is obvious that instead of push buttons there may. be also used other suitable switching means for the purposes of this-invention, such as for. instance drun|or similar switches.

fil i m Fi 5 of the drawings,-

manner described through thecoil of1th and across magnet m of the contactor 1.

the stop buttons a, b, c, (I back to the. terminal 19 of the phase wire T. The contactor i" is then operated in the manner described before. The main contacts l, 3,5

are thenelosed and the motor f is started. Simultaneously, the auxiliary contacts 13, 14 of the cont actor are closed; so that, on releasing the push button (1 the auxiliary current now flows from the terminal 18' of the phase wire R across the. contacts 14, 13 and the terminals 9, 10 of the contactor across the stop buttons a, b c, ll back to terminal 19. The contactor '1," thus remains closed and the motor f continues to run. Only by 'depressingone of the stop buttons (19,12 0", d, the auxiliary circuit is broken and the eontactor drops out, whereby the. motor 7" isvstopped.

If, on the other hand, the start button e 40 is depressed, the auxiliary current. tlows from the. terminal 24 of conduit R across all three contacts of the. push button to the three contactors i, '17-, i. All these contactoi'siti't. operated in the same manner so that 0 the. three motors f, f, f are started,- while on depressing the stop push button 11'' only motor f, on depressing stop button I)" only the motors f, f are cut ()iitwliile themotor continues to run. The motor f is not affected at all, and remains entirely untouched. v k

In this way, the requirement is also com- I plied withthat on switching a motor out or in, all motors ahead of' it are likewise switched out or in, while, the following ones remain unaffected. in this case also the. individual contactors 2', 17 1", '1" may be. equipped with retardingdevices in order that the motors should not be. started simultaneously but in succession for the. purpose. of avoiding violent, current surges.

With this arrangen'ient may, of course, be combined the arrangement for obtaining a slow or inching speed for each motor I or the purpose of inserting a fresh wire into the machine.

The operation of the'push buttons may also be effected mechanically. Suitable apparatusfor this purpose is illustrated by way of example in Figs. (3 and 7 of the. drawings.

Referring to these figures, it will be observed that to each drawing drum there. is assigned a'pair ol' treiulles It, a, I)", I), 0", and r/F. 'lhese. treadles are adapted to rock upon the shafts 7t) and 71 and are so designed that the. left-hand end ofeaeh treadle extends across'the right-hand end of the preceding treadle, so that on depressing the treadle I) or I), for instance, the treadles (1 and. a. respectively are automatically dcpressedalso, while the treadles c and (Z and c", (1 remain unaffected.

On referring to Fig. 7 of the drawings, it

will benoticed thatto each treadle is as-.

signell a push button It. and /I.2, respectively, againstfwhieh presses the extended end g and g", respectively, of the corresponding treadles. The push buttons It and 71. are in theirconstruction and connection identical .with the push buttons 11%, I)", (l and a, Z),

,71. pertaining to each treadle are thus simultaneously rendered operative and therefore.

"the respective electric motors f, f and f started, in the manner described with reference to Fig. 3 of the drawings. The treadles 0;, I)", e and (I serve for stoppin the motor by means, of the respective. push huttons It", in the manner likewise. described with reference to Fig. 3. By depressing one. of the treadles (L -(Z or a (l, the corresponding motors as well as the. motors ahead are thus cut in or out, while the remaining motors remain unatiected. In this way, all the stop an lstart buttons are mechanically intm-connected so that the object of this invention is attained when switching off or on one of the. drums. It will be readily understood that this result might equally well be brought about by manually operated levers or the like. It is only necessary that on o erating one the foot or hand levers, tie preceding levers should be operated at the same. time, while. the following levers re- 4 main inoperative.

In orderto enable the speed of the draw drums in the arrangements described to be varied, in the event, for instance, of a harder material for the wire being employed or a change being made in the stepping of the dies or draw plates, the ratio gear shown by way of example in Fig. 8 of the drawings may be arranged between the motor f of each drum and the drum.

I11 the construction illustrated in Fig. 8, there are on the shaft driven by the motor f keyed three spur wheels 50, 51 and 52, which engage the spur wheels 53, 54, 55. The latter may by means of a spring-controlled key 56 pivotally mounted on a bushing 57, be coupled at will with the tubular shaft 58 driving the bevel wheel g, so that by a suitable displacement of the bushing 57 within the shaft 58 the drawing drum may be driven at different speeds while the speed of the motor remains constant.

In the embodiment of my invention illustrated in Fig. 9, a detachable pinion 59 is mounted on the shaft of each motor f and gears with a spur wheel 60 which in its turn is detachably mounted on the shaft of the bevel wheel g. The box in which the pair of gear wheels 59, 60 is accommodated, is closed by a cover 61, so that after removal of this cover 61, the pair of gear wheels 59, 60 may be substituted by another pair of wheels of a different ratio of transmission, and thus the speed of the respective drum be changed as desired.

This variation of the speed may, of course,

i also be brought about by other means well known in the art which require no descriptlon or illustration. Thls 1s, for instance,

' possible by employing variable-speed motors, or by inserting resistances in circuit, or in the case of three-phase motors by changing the frequency of the current, or by connecting a. resistance ahead of the whole machine. These two latter kinds of speed regulation are particularly advantageous for the reason that the speed of the individual motors is not varied by inserting separate resistances or by varying the speed of the individual drums by the insertion of differ nt ratio gears, but because by varying the frequency of the three-phase current or the resistance connected ahead of the entire machine, the speed of all the motors is varied exactly in the same ratio, so that the ratios of the speeds of the individual motors to one another will remain the same and only the entire machine will run faster or slower.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a multiple wire drawing. machine, in combination. a plurality of drawing dies, a plurality of drawing drums cooperating with said dies, a separate electro-motor for driving each of said drums, means for each motor adapted to switch out and switch in the motor, said switching means being constructed and connected in circuit so that upon operation of the switching in or switching out means, respecti ely, of one motor,

the switching in or switching out means, respectively, of the precedin motors are also operated, whereas the swltching means of the following motors remain unafi'ected and means adapted to switch in the next motor then only when the previously switched in motor has already passed beyond the peak of the rush of current.

2. In a multiple wire drawing machine, in combination, a plurality of drawing dies, a plurality of drawing drums cooperating with said dies, a separate electromotor for driving each of said drums, means for each motor adapted to switch out and to switch in the motor, said switching means being constructed and connected in circuit so that upon operation of the switching in or switchout means, respectively, of one motor, the switching in or switching out means, respectively, of the preceding motors are also operated, whereas the switching means of the following motors remain unaffected, and electric means comprising relays provided between each two succeeding motors, and adapted to switch in the next motor by a current impulse of the previously swltched in motor being imparted to the said relay, after the rush of current of the latter motor has passed beyond its peak.

3. In a wire-drawing machine, 1n combination, a plurality of drawing dies, a pinrality of drawing drums, cooperating w th said dies, a separate electric motor for dr1v ingeach of said drums, switching means for stopping and starting, respectively, each motor and so connected in circuit that by operating the switch of a motor the preceding motors are also stopped and started, respectively, and switching means connected in the circuit of each motor and adapted to start each motor independently of all the other motors.

4. In a wire-drawing machine, in combination, a plurality of drawing dies, a plurality of drawing drums cooperating w th said dies, a separate electric motor for driving each of said drums, swltch ng means for stopping and starting, respectively, each motor and so connected in circuit that by operating the switch of a motor the preceding motors are also stopped and started, respectively, switching means connected in the circuit of each motor and adapted to start signature.

WALTHER NACKEN. 

